星孤集 2016-2019 The Solitary Star of Tianshui 2016–2019 第 09 篇 Section 09
辩论纪实与感悟两篇 Two Records and Reflections on Debates
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上篇 “宽容是一种爱” Part One: “Tolerance Is a Form of Love”
这次辩论是我们班第一次整班大辩论，这次辩论是我们学习议论文迈出的坚实一步，它能训练我们的表达能力，思维方式以及辩论技巧。
This debate was the first full-class debate our class ever held. It represented a solid first step in our study of argumentative writing and helped train our ability to express ourselves, our modes of thinking, and our debating skills.
我方观点为“宽容是一种爱”，在整场辩论中，我方从“宽容的出发点与本质是爱”与“合理、适当的宽容是爱”进行论战，而对方只从“过度的宽容就是纵容”这一角度死死咬住，但由于我方有些队员战术失策，让对方抓住了先机，最终我们平分秋色。
Our side argued that “tolerance is a form of love.” Throughout the debate, we argued from two main positions: “the starting point and essence of tolerance are love” and “reasonable and appropriate tolerance is love.”
整场辩论中，SJ和JG非常积极，是值得学习的，在同学的一系列发言中，我也学到了一些辩论方法。比如在发言时，一定要思路清晰，因为一旦中途卡壳，时间就可能不够。LMX原本发言很好，但中途卡壳后，举例论证到一半便被叫停，实在太可惜了。再者，在听别人发言时，要做一些思路的整理，再对自己的思路打一些草稿。
The opposing side, however, persistently focused only on the argument that “excessive tolerance becomes indulgence.” Because some members of our side made tactical mistakes, the opposition managed to seize the initiative. In the end, the contest was evenly matched.
最重要的是抢占辩论先机，美国一位二战将领说：“占得先机，仗便胜了一半。”因此，在辩论场上，抢占先机也非常重要。我们队友很多同学都绞尽脑汁地反击，却没有提出我方的观点的论据，就这样一步步失去了辩论的主动，否则，以我们队的准备情况，是可以取胜的。
SJ and JG were extremely active throughout the debate and were worth learning from. I also learned several debating techniques from my classmates’ speeches. For example, when speaking, your train of thought must be clear. Once you get stuck midway, you may run out of time. LMX originally gave a very good speech, but after getting stuck, the time expired halfway through an example. It was a real pity. Second, while listening to others speak, you should organize their arguments and make a rough outline of your own response. Most importantly, you must seize the initiative in debate. An American general from World War II once said, “Seize the initiative, and the battle is already half won.” Therefore, taking the initiative is equally important on the debating floor. Many members of our team racked their brains trying to rebut the opposing side but failed to put forward positive arguments supporting our own position. In this way, we gradually surrendered the initiative. Otherwise, considering the quality of our preparation, we could have won.
但事情总不是十全十美的，我们仍在许多方面存在瑕疵。例如，我们队里发言人还不到一半，这就说明了大家的积极性不足。另外，我们在辩论中，对所列举的事例争论不止，始终没有对主题辩论。我们要学会舍小就大，在整体上去战胜对手。
我非常期待下一次辩论。
But nothing is ever perfect. We still had flaws in many areas. For example, fewer than half the members of our team actually spoke, which shows that participation was insufficient. Furthermore, during the debate we spent too much time arguing over individual examples rather than debating the central proposition itself. We need to learn to sacrifice minor points for the larger issue and defeat the opposition at the level of the overall argument. I very much look forward to our next debate.
下篇 第二次辩论 Part Two: The Second Debate
这是我们第二次大辩论，相比于前一次辩论，这次辩论大家的准备明显更充分了。
This was our second major debate. Compared with the first one, everyone was clearly much better prepared.
正方我开辩的时候，对开辩的要求还不是太熟悉。例如时间，开辩词的格式等，因此，我没有按照开辩词的模式写，也没有太多的论证细节，问的两个问题更是画蛇添足。我这次开辩是失败的，但我会吸取教训，相信下一次会做得更好。
When I delivered the opening statement for the affirmative side, I was still unfamiliar with the requirements for an opening argument—for example, the time limit and the proper format. As a result, I did not write my speech according to the standard opening-statement format, nor did I provide enough detail in my reasoning. The two questions I asked were even more unnecessary than helpful. My opening statement failed, but I will learn from the experience. I believe I will do better next time.
接下来ZWT的开辩引用许多生动的例子，是一篇很好的开辩词。如左利手的人与事，还有种花的事例等。接着，正方以“合理、适当修剪”对幼年时期的人的重要性，父母和园丁一样，希望孩子能“结出丰满的果实”，是对孩子好等多角度分析。反方也不甘示弱，接连从“改善环境而不是修剪树木自身，不应该强迫孩子做不希望做的事情”等角度加以辩驳。最后，结辩部分，CYZ的结辩词我个人认为更胜一筹，她的比喻论证非常生动，最终正方获胜。
Next, ZWT’s opening speech cited many vivid examples and was an excellent opening statement, including examples involving left-handed people and the cultivation of flowers. The affirmative side then analyzed the importance of “reasonable and appropriate pruning” during childhood from several perspectives. Parents, like gardeners, hope that children will eventually “bear full and abundant fruit,” and such pruning is therefore for the children’s own good. The opposition fought back strongly, arguing from such perspectives as “we should improve the environment instead of pruning the tree itself” and “children should not be forced to do things they do not want to do.” Finally, during the closing statements, I personally felt that CYZ’s speech was superior. Her use of analogies was extremely vivid, and ultimately the affirmative side won.
在我看来，反方他们不应该把注意力放到“不应该强迫孩子做不希望做的事情”的观点上，要知道，果树不是森林中的树，更不是那些花花草草，它是人们为吃到更大更饱满的果实而生长的。这并不是功利化，而是每一个事物都有自己存在的价值。因此，果树是必要，也是必须要修剪的。而人也是如此，难道孩子不想做什么，就可以不做什么了吗？这已经不是自由生长，而是纵容了。等到疯长的那一天，修剪已经太晚了。
In my view, the opposition should not have concentrated on the argument that “children should not be forced to do things they do not want to do.” You have to understand that a fruit tree is not a wild tree in a forest, nor is it an ornamental flower or plant. It is grown specifically so that people can eat larger and fuller fruit. This is not utilitarianism. Rather, everything has its own reason and value for existing. Therefore, a fruit tree needs to be pruned—it must be pruned.
以现在火热的游戏《王者荣耀》为例，许多家长并没有严厉地管教孩子，而是放任孩子玩游戏，不知不觉，他们玩的时间越来越久，即使家长又打又骂，游戏平台上推出实名制，游戏分级，防沉迷系统等防护系统，可还是无济于事，开小号打通对一些人来说已是家常便饭。伟大的习主席说过：“青年是国家未来的栋梁。”可这样整天玩游戏的青年，将来怎么扛得起栋梁，怎么成为国家的希望？
And the same applies to human beings. Does the fact that a child does not want to do something mean they should simply be allowed not to do it? That is no longer free development; that is indulgence. Once the tree has grown completely wild, it is already too late to prune it. Take the currently popular game Honor of Kings as an example. Many parents do not strictly discipline their children and instead allow them to play games freely. Without realizing it, the children spend more and more time playing. Even when the parents later scold or hit them, and even when game platforms introduce real-name registration systems, age ratings, anti-addiction systems, and similar protective measures, these efforts often prove ineffective.
就如郎朗所说：“我感谢父亲，逼我练琴，成就了今天的我。”“修剪”的时候必然会经历苦痛，当果实结成的那一刻，你才会知道“修剪”的重要性。
For some people, creating alternative accounts to bypass the restrictions has already become routine. The great Chairman Xi once said, “Young people are the future pillars of the nation.” But how can young people who spend all day playing games shoulder the burden of becoming those pillars? How can they become the hope of the country? As Lang Lang once said: “I thank my father for forcing me to practice the piano and making me what I am today.” “Pruning” inevitably involves pain. Only when the fruit has finally ripened will you understand the importance of that pruning.